Dreaming of sleek, and shiny hair without a hint of frizz? That’s the promise of Brazilian hair straightening. However, there’s a hidden danger behind those glossy locks: the chemical products used. Recently, the National Academy of Medicine issued a stark warning about glyoxylic acid, a key ingredient in Brazilian hair straightening, which scientists have linked to acute kidney failure.
Health risks of glyoxylic acid in Brazilian hair straightening
On June 7, 2024, the National Academy of Medicine highlighted the dangers of glyoxylic acid. This chemical, often used as a safer alternative to formaldehyde (a known carcinogen), poses significant health risks. Users, as well as hair and beauty professionals, expose themselves directly to glyoxylic acid through inhalation and skin contact.
A study published in March 2024 in The New England Journal of Medicine revealed alarming findings. It documented the case of a 26-year-old woman who experienced three episodes of reversible acute kidney failure after using a hair straightening product containing glyoxylic acid. Oxalic acid crystals caused the kidney failure forming in her kidneys, a result of the glyoxylic acid absorbed through her scalp.
Scientific evidence and public health warnings of Brazilian hair straightening
The dangers of glyoxylic acid are not new. Research in July 2022 also underscored its toxicity. The National Academy of Medicine emphasises the importance of spreading awareness about these health risks. Professionals in the beauty industry and users must be informed about the symptoms of acute kidney failure, which can occur within 24 to 48 hours after using these products. Symptoms include acute abdominal pain, nausea, and rapid-onset vomiting.
Glycolic acid: Another hidden threat in
Brazilian hair straightening
The academy also raises concerns about glycolic acid, commonly used in facial peels. This acid is metabolised into glyoxylic acid, and its high concentrations (often around 30%) pose similar health risks. The absorption of glycolic acid through the skin depends on the product’s pH, concentration, duration of skin exposure, and lipophilic properties.
Protecting yourself: Recommendations and precautions
To safeguard public health, the National Academy of Medicine recommends disseminating warning messages to health professionals, beauty salons, and cosmetic product retailers. Awareness about the risks of acute kidney failure associated with glyoxylic and glycolic acids is crucial.
Users should avoid hair straightening products containing these acids, especially if they have scalp or facial skin lesions, as these increase the chemicals’ penetration. Furthermore, the academy advocates for the development of cosmetovigilance to monitor and evaluate the frequency of these risks and identify the most vulnerable individuals.
Stay informed and safe
Understanding the risks associated with Brazilian hair straightening can help you make safer beauty choices. Stay informed about the ingredients in your hair and skin products and prioritise your hair health over temporary beauty fixes.
This article was syndicated from Marie Claire France
Translated and adapted by Praise Vandeh, Marie Claire Nigeria Content Writer
